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【实用英语】英语写作大写字母规则 东亚西文情境英语和您分享
, `% n6 H2 h% G& p英语写作中必然遇到字母大小写(CAPITAL LETTERS),这是一个细节问题,其中有许多规定。
& y5 `- j8 \" K) I" o阅读 How to Speak and Write Correctly 一书时,我发现作者做了较好的归纳总结,虽然谈不上是包罗所有情况的完全手册,但基本上涵盖了英语写作中常见的字母大小写规则:
句子第一个字母要大写: “Time flies.” “My dear friend.” 直接引语应以大写字母开始: Dewey said, “Fire, when you are ready.” 直接疑问句: Let me ask you, “How old are you?” 诗句: Breathes there a man with soul so dead? 带数字序列的从句: The witness asserts: (1) That he saw the man attacked; (2) That he saw him fall; (3) That he saw his assailant flee. 文章的标题和章节名称要全部大写: CHAPTER VIII –RULES FOR USE OF CAPITALS 书籍名称中,名词、代词、形容词、副词都应该大写: Johnson’s Lives of the Poets 罗马数用大写字母表示: I II III V X L C D and M mean 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 respectively. 姓名、地名等专属名词以大写字母开头: Jones, Johnson, Caesar, England, Pacific, China, Beijing. 像river这种普通名词用在特定环境中也要用大写,比如Mississippi River. 此外,像north, south, west, east形容一个地区的南北区域时,也要大写,比如:The North fight against the South. 当专属名词和普通名词通过连字符号相联时,只需合成词的第一个字母大写:Sunday-school, Post-hometric. 从专属名词衍生出来的词要大写,包括党派名称,宗教部门,思想流派等: American, Irish, Christianize. Republican, Democrat, Catholic, Free Thinkers. 荣誉称号: President Obama, Chairman Mao, Governor. 学位缩写、大学名称: LL. D., M.a., B.S., Harvard University, Manhattan College, etc. 专属名词前的亲属称呼也应大写: Father Abraham, ** Eddy, Brother John, Uncle Jacob, Aunt Eliza. 基督教中与神有关的单词要大写首字母,常规写作中一般不会碰到: Father, God, Lord, Creator, Holy One, His work, The work of Him, Old Testment, Holy Writ, Water of Life, Hope of men, Help of Christians, etc. 形容历史上重大事件的短语用大写首字母,以示区别: The Revolution, The Civil War, The Middle Age, The Age of Iron, etc. 星期、月份、季节、年份名称使用大写首字母: Monday, March, Autumn. 人称代词 I 永远用大写,插入性的语气感叹词应大写: Ah! I pitied him. 采用拟人化写法时,无生命的对象使用大写字母加以表示: The starry Night shook the dews from her wings. 0 V# @- @1 W% h- e, |
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